TAILIEUCHUNG - Entomology 3rd edition - C.Gillott - Chapter 10

10 The Remaining Endopterygote Orders 1. Introduction The six remaining endopterygote orders dealt with in this chapter are quite distinct from those that form the panorpoid complex. Of the six, the order Hymenoptera appears most isolated phylogenetically and is sometimes considered in a distinct superorder. | 10 The Remaining Endopterygote Orders 1. Introduction The six remaining endopterygote orders dealt with in this chapter are quite distinct from those that form the panorpoid complex. Of the six the order Hymenoptera appears most isolated phylogenetically and is sometimes considered in a distinct superorder the Hy-menopteroidea perhaps the sister group to the panorpoid complex. Except for the Strep-siptera whose affinities remain unclear the remaining orders are then tentatively united in a neuroptero-coleopteroid group see Chapter 2 Section . Some authors include the Mecoptera and Raphidioptera as suborders within the order Neuroptera. 2. Megaloptera Synonyms Corydalida Sialoidea in order Common names alderflies and Neuroptera sensu lato dobsonflies Large soft-bodied insects head with chewing mouthparts elongate antennae and large compound eyes three ocelli present Sialidae or absent Corydalidae two pairs of identical wings with primitive venation and large number of crossveins abdomen 10-segmented without cerci. Larvae aquaticwith chewing mouthparts and paired abdominal gills. Pupae decticous and exarate. Representatives of this small 300 species order are found especially in temperate regions though their distribution is discontinuous. Some 43 species have been described from North America about 25 from Australia and 3 from Britain. Structure Adult. Adult Megaloptera are generally large insects with members of some species having a wingspan of about 17 cm. Their prognathous head carries well-developed compound eyes long multisegmented antennae and chewing mouthparts including enormously elongate mandibles in some male Corydalidae Figure . Three ocelli are present in Sialidae but absent in Corydalidae. The thoracic segments are well developed and freely movable the pronotum is broad. All legs are similar. Four membranous wings occur with all of the major veins and a large number of crossveins present. The wings lack 297 298 CHAPTER 10 FIGURE . .

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