TAILIEUCHUNG - Networking: A Beginner’s Guide Fifth Edition- P72

Networking: A Beginner’s Guide Fifth Edition- P72:I have run into many people over the years who have gained good even impressive working knowledge of PCs, operating systems, applications, and common problems and solutions. Many of these people are wizards with desktop computers. | Chapter 21 Introduction to Linux Systems Administration 337 Option Description -l Long listing. In addition to the filename show the file size date time permissions ownership and group information. -a All files. Show all files in the directory including those that are hidden. Hidden files begin with a period. -1 Single column listing. List all files in a single column. -R Recursive. Recursively list all files and subdirectories. Table 21-2. Common Is Command Options File Listings Ownerships and Permissions Managing files under Linux is different from managing files under Windows. This section discusses the tools necessary to perform basic file management. ls List Files The ls command is used to list all of the files in a directory. The command has more than 26 options. The most common of these options are shown in Table 21-2. See the man page for the complete list of options. You can use these options in any combination with one another. For example to list all files in a directory with a long listing type the following root@ford root ls -la To list nonhidden files in a directory that start with A type the following root@ford root ls A About Files and Directories Under Linux and UNIX in general you will find that almost everything is abstracted to a file. Linux s developers originally did this to simplify the programmer s job. Thus instead of having to communicate directly with device drivers you use special files which to the application appear as ordinary files as a bridge instead. To accommodate all of these uses of files different types of files exist Normal files Normal files are just that normal. They contain data or executables and the operating system makes no assumptions about their contents. 338 Networking A Beginner s Guide Directories Directory files are a special instance of normal files in that their contents list the location of other files. Among the files to which directories point might be other directories. In your day-to-day work it won t matter

Đã phát hiện trình chặn quảng cáo AdBlock
Trang web này phụ thuộc vào doanh thu từ số lần hiển thị quảng cáo để tồn tại. Vui lòng tắt trình chặn quảng cáo của bạn hoặc tạm dừng tính năng chặn quảng cáo cho trang web này.