TAILIEUCHUNG - Fundamentals of Machine Design P20

Design of helical spring for variable load In the earlier lecture, we have learned about design of helical springs for static loads. In many applications, as for example in railway carriages or in automobile suspension systems the helical springs used are constantly under variable load. Hence, it is understood that whenever there is a variable load on a spring the design procedure should include the effect of stress variation in the spring wire. | Module 7 Design of Springs Version 2 ME IIT Kharagpur Lesson 2 Design of Helical Springs for Variable Load Version 2 ME IIT Kharagpur Instructional Objectives At the end of this lesson the students should be able to understand Nature of varying load on springs Modification of Soderberg diagram Estimation of material properties for helical spring Types of helical springs Design considerations for buckling and surge. Design of helical spring for variable load In the earlier lecture we have learned about design of helical springs for static loads. In many applications as for example in railway carriages or in automobile suspension systems the helical springs used are constantly under variable load. Hence it is understood that whenever there is a variable load on a spring the design procedure should include the effect of stress variation in the spring wire. The methodology used is the modified Soderberg method. we have learnt about Soderberg method in earlier chapter here the necessary modifications applicable to helical spring design will be discussed. In the case of a spring whether it is a compression spring or an extension spring reverse loading is not possible. For example let us consider a compression spring placed between two plates. The spring under varying load can be compressed to some maximum value and at the most can return to zero compression state in practice some amount of initial compression is always present otherwise spring will loose contact with the plates and will get displace from its seat. Similar reason holds good for an extension spring it will experience certain amount of extension and again return to at the most to zero extension state but it will never go to compression zone. Due to varying load the stress pattern which occurs in a spring with respect to time is shown in . The load which causes such stress pattern is called repeated load. The spring materials instead of testing under reversed bending are tested under repeated

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