TAILIEUCHUNG - Geology of the Caucasus: A review

The structure and geological history of the Caucasus are largely determined by its position between the stillconverging Eurasian and Africa-Arabian lithospheric plates, within a wide zone of continental collision. | Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences Turkish J. Earth Sci. Vol. 20 2011 pp. 489-544. Copyright TUBlTAK doi yer-1005-11 First published online 11 April 2011 TUBiTAK Geology of the Caucasus A Review SHOTA ADAMIA1 GURAM ZAKARIADZE 2 TAMAR CHKHOTUA3 NINO SADRADZE1 3 NINO TSERETELI1 ALEKSANDRE CHABUKIANI1 ALEKSANDRE GVENTSADZE1 1 M. Nodia Institute of Geophysics 1 1 M. Alexidze str. 0171 Tbilisi Georgia E-mail sh_adamia@ 2 -1 Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry RAS 119991 Moscow Russia Al. Janelidze Institute of Geology 1 9 M. Alexidze str. 0193 Tbilisi Georgia Received 15 May 2010 revised typescripts receipt 30 January 2011 14 January 2011 accepted 11 April 2011 Abstract The structure and geological history of the Caucasus are largely determined by its position between the stillconverging Eurasian and Africa-Arabian lithospheric plates within a wide zone of continental collision. During the Late Proterozoic-Early Cenozoic the region belonged to the Tethys Ocean and its Eurasian and Africa-Arabian margins where there existed a system of island arcs intra-arc rifts back-arc basins characteristic of the pre-collisional stage of its evolution of the region. The region along with other fragments that are now exposed in the Upper Precambrian-Cambrian crystalline basement of the Alpine orogenic belt was separated from western Gondwana during the Early Palaeozoic as a result of back-arc rifting above a south-dipping subduction zone. Continued rifting and seafloor spreading produced the Palaeotethys Ocean in the wake of northward migrating peri-Gondwanan terranes. The displacement of the Caucasian and other peri-Gondwanan terranes to the southern margin of Eurasia was completed by 350 Ma. Widespread emplacement of microcline granite plutons along the active continental margin of southern Eurasia during 330-280 Ma occurred above a north-dipping Palaeotethyan subduction zone. However Variscan and Eo-Cimmerian-Early Alpine events did not .

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