TAILIEUCHUNG - Designers with interior lighting (Fourth edition): Part 2

Designers with interior lighting (Fourth edition): Part 2 present the content: electricity, principles of electricity, central lighting control systems; luminaires, light and glare control; design, architectural surfaces, ambient lighting, balance of brightness. | Electricity 11 Knowledge of the basic principles of electricity is necessary for understanding lighting circuitry electrical distribution power consumption operating costs switch control and dimming control. PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRICITY Electrically charged particles called electrons which orbit the nucleus of an atom can be made to flow from one point to another. This is observable in objects charged by friction and in natural phenomena lightning is a huge spark of electricity. A flow of electricity is called an electric current the rate of flow of an electric current is measured in amperes amps A . The potential of the flow of electricity is called voltage it is measured in units called volts V . Water provides a helpful analogy to these concepts. The amount of pressure that moving water exerts inside a pipe is analogous to volts amperes are similar to the gallons-per-second measurement the rate at which water passes through the pipe. The pipe is the conductor or wire the wall of the pipe is the insulator and the faucet is the resistance or dimmer. The larger the pipe the greater the flow it can carry. The path through which an electric current flows is called a circuit. When no gap exists in the path it is called a complete circuit figure . When a gap occurs it is called a break in the circuit. Resistance impedes the flow of current and is determined by the composition of a material. This results in the production of light or heat or both. A resistor is a device placed in the path of an electric current to produce a specific amount of resistance. If electricity flowing along a path is slowed by Figure Complete circuit. 135 INTERIOR LIGHTING FOR DESIGNERS resistance or interrupted by an open switch there will be little or no current amps even though the potential to produce it volts is high. Wiring Materials that electricity flows easily through are called conductors. Materials through which it does not flow easily are called poor conductors or insulators.

• Kiến trúc - Xây dựng
• Interior lighting for designers
• Interior lighting
• Principles of electricity
• Dimming control
• Energy effective design
• Ambient lighting
• Light and glare control
• Perception and psychology
• Incandescent lamps
• Discharge lamps
• Auxiliary equipment
• Light control
• the big picture
• water and wastes
• thermal comfort
• heating and cooling system
• electricity
• lighting