TAILIEUCHUNG - Made easy of echo (Third edition): Part 2

(BQ) Continued part 1, part 2 of the document Made easy of echo (Third edition) has contents: Pulmonary hypertension, diseases of aorta, congenital diseases, valvular diseases, pericardial diseases, endocardial diseases, intracardiac masses, thromboembolic diseases, systemic diseases. Invite you to refer. | 10 Pulmonary Hypertension Pulmonary arterial hypertension PAH is far less common than systemic hypertension and is often a consequence of chronic lung disease. DETECTION OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION M-Mode PV Level The pulmonary valve leaflet shows flattening or loss of the normal presystolic a wave. Due to high pulmonary artery pressure right atrial contraction in pre-systole has no effect on the pulmonary valve. There is a mid-systolic notch due to brief closure of the valve in early systole and reopening in late systole Fig. The ratio between pre-ejection period PEP and right ventricular ejection time RVET exceeds . This is due to prolonged isovolumic RV contraction since the right ventricular pressure takes longer to exceed the raised pulmonary artery pressure. 2-D Echo PLAX View There is dilatation of the right ventricle more than 23 mm with RV hypertrophy where the RV free wall thickness is more than 5 mm Fig. . 132 Echo Made Easy Fig. M-mode tracing of the pulmonary leaflet showing flattened a wave mid-systolic notch prolonged pre-ejection period PEP prior to RV ejection time RVET Paradoxical motion of interventricular septum IVS is observed. The IVS moves away from the left ventricle and towards the right ventricle in systole Fig. . The IVS seems to be a part of the right ventricle which here has a greater stroke volume than the left ventricle. 2-D Echo PSAX View The pulmonary artery is dilated. The diameter of the pulmonary artery exceeds the width of the aorta. In this view the main pulmonary artery with its right and left branches gives a pair of trousers appearance Fig. . At the level of the mitral valve associated mitral stenosis may be diagnosed. 2-D Echo AP4CH View In this view there is dilatation of the right ventricle and the right atrium. The enlarged right ventricle loses its triangular shape and becomes globular. Pulmonary Hypertension 133 Fig. M-mode scan of the ventricles showing dilatation of the right ventricle

• Y khoa - Dược
• Echo made easy
• Pulmonary hypertension
• Valvular diseases
• Pericardial diseases
• Endocardial diseases
• Intracardiac masses
• Thromboembolic diseases
• Conventional echo
• Color doppler echo
• The echo windows
• Ventricular dysfunction
• Coronary artery disease
• Systemic hypertension
• BMC Bioinformatics
• Natural language processing
• Medical informatics
• Incidental findings
• Thromboembolic disease diagnosis
• Acute respiratory distress syndrome
• Blunt chest trauma
• Respiratory physiology
• The chest wall
• Venous thromboembolic disease
• Obstructive airways diseases