TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Organic chemistry - Chapter 24: Carbohydrates

Chapter 24 - Carbohydrates. After completing this chapter, students will be able to: Given a molecule in a fisher projection, be able to convert it to a wedge/dash representation and vice versa; given a hexopyranose, be able to determine the configuration of the anomeric carbon stereocenter as α or β. | Carbohydrate = Cn(H2O)n Carbohydrates occur in nature in nucleic acids, fats, cellulose, fibers, starch, “table sugar,” antibiotics, and other biological molecules. “Hydrated carbon” A pentahydroxyaldehyde Important recognition molecules on the cell surface: Chapter 24: Carbohydrates Naming The simplest carbohydrates are the sugars or saccharides. They constitute polyhydroxy-aldehydes (aldoses) or -ketones (ketoses); they form oligomers by ether bridges (hence di-, tri-, tetrasaccharide, etc.). The simplest sugars, both C3(H2O)3: 2,3-Dihydroxypropanal (Glyceraldehyde) An aldotriose 1,3-Dihydroxyacetone A ketotriose Chain length: Triose, tetrose, pentose, etc. Chiral Fischer projections: Review chapter 5 Some important monosaccharides: Dextrose, blood sugar, grape sugar Sweetest natural sugar; fruits Ribonucleic acids 4 Stereo-centers 3 Stereo-centers * * * * * * * * * * Fischer Projection: A flat stencil CH3 CH2CH3 H Br Eyes in the plane of the board Depending on your starting .

• Hoá học
• Organic chemistry
• Lecture Organic chemistry
• Hóa học hữu cơ
• Bài giảng Hóa học hữu cơ
• Nucleic acids
• Fischer projection
• In this workbook
• experiments are elaborated using small scale glassware and equipments from a Small Lab Kit
• developed at the Department of Chemistry
• Faculty of Science
• Chulalongkorn University in Thailand
• This Small Lab Kit was created as a result of the research project entitled “Chemistry Laboratory Based on Chemical Safety and Pollution Minimization” sponsored by Thai Research Fund (RDG 3 07 2543)
• One of the outcomes of this project is the organic laboratory book entitled “Organic Chemistry Laboratory Based on Chemical Safety and Pollution Minimization” written in Thai by professors from 7 universities in this project
• They compiled
• adjusted and tested the experiments taken from several traditional organic chemistry laboratory books using the prototype of Small Lab Kit
• Currently
• some selected experiments from this Thai organic chemistry laboratory text have further been modified
• rewritten and edited in English as appeared in this workbook
• Some experiments ar
• Ebook Organic chemistry
• Nucleophilic substitution
• Determining organic structures
• nucleophilic addition
• Organic structures
• Electrophilic aromatic substitution
• Principles of organic chemistry
• Methods of organic chemistry
• The methane series
• The acetylene series
• Polybasic acids
• High school
• University entrance exam
• Teaching organic chemistry
• Organic chemistry exam question
• Interdisciplinary science
• Advanced practical organic chemistry
• Functional groups
• Organic synthesis reagents
• The structure
• Reactions of organic names
• Fundamentals of organic chemistry
• Carbonyl alpha substitution reactions
• Condensation reactions
• Structure determination
• The organic chemistry
• Organic chemistry principles in context
• Starch to the principles
• The structures of organic molecules
• Mass spectrometers
• Infrared spectrometers
• Nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometers
• Modern physical organic chemistry
• Strain and stability
• Covalent binding forces
• Electronic organic materials
• Thermal pericyclic reactions
• The study of organic chemistry
• Stereochemistry and resonance
• Identification of organic compounds
• Elimination reactions
• Electrophilic addition reactions
• Electron delocalization
• Organic compounds
• Cyclic hydrocarbons
• Aromatic alcohols
• Aromatic compounds containing
• Inorganic chemistry
• A guidebook to mechanism in organic chemistry
• Aromatic systems
• Linear free energy relationships
• Symmetry controlled reactions
• Fatty acid catabolism
• The chemistry of the carbonyl group
• The industrial road toward increasing efficiency
• Chemistry of benzene
• Derivatives of benzene
• Summary of Organic Chemistry Dotoral Thesis
• Organic Chemistry Dotoral Thesis
• Natural Products Chemistry
• Biological evaluation
• Chemistry of natural compounds
• Ideas in chemistry
• Molecular sciences
• Synthetic chemistry
• Innovative processes in organic chemistry
• Predictive tools
• Organic chemical reactions
• Electronic Structure
• Electronic configurations of atoms
• Electronic configurations
• Wave properties of electrons
• Wave interactions
• Stereochemistry of alkanes
• Alkane conformations
• Chemical reactions
• Chlorination of Methane
• Chiral carbons
• Nonmobile conformers
• Alkyl Halides