TAILIEUCHUNG - mosby paramedic (34)

9/11/20121Chapter 2Lesson and .Inhaled Poisons3Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Objectives.• Define poisoning• Describe general principles for assessment .and management of the patient who has .ingested poison. .• Describe the causative agents and .pathophysiology of selected ingested poisons .and management of patients who have taken .them4Learning Objectives.• Describe how physical and chemical .properties influence the effects of inhaled .toxins• Distinguish among the three categories of .inhaled toxins: simple asphyxiants, chemical .asphyxiants and systemic poisons, and .irritants or corrosives• Describe general principles of managing the .patient who has inhaled poison5Poisonings .• Any substance that produces harmful .physiological or psychological effects.• Emergencies involving poison are major cause of .morbidity and mortality in – In 2006, over 2 million unintentional poisonings .reported by poison control centers.• Resulted in over 700,000 emergency department visits– Additional 200,000 emergency department visits .caused by intentional poisoning.• 75 percent of these had to be hospitalized or transferred to .another medical © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning .• Poisoning by solids and liquids second leading .cause of unintentional death in – Second leading cause of unintentional death for all .persons aged 17 to (2005, National Safety .Council)7This image cannot currently be display many substances that fit the .definition of a poison are there in or .around your home?8Poison Control Centers .• Over 60 poison control centers across – Most based in major medical centers or teaching .hospitals.– Belong to regional centers designated by .American Association of Poison Control Centers9Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Control Centers .• 2007 statistics.– Estimated million poisonings reported to .poison control centers throughout – Over 90 percent of poisonings happen in home.– percent of poisoning victims are children .under age 6 .– Centers prevent about million hospitalizations .and doctors office visits per year by helping .people manage emergencies at Control Centers .• Staffed by medical professionals.– 24‐hour telephone access (1‐800‐222‐1222) to .population bases of at least 1 million.– Give immediate information and treatment advice11Poison Control Centers .• Large database of 350,000 toxic substances.–.–.–.–.–.–– .– .– .– Hazardous request followed up to determine treatments .effectiveness and outcome12Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Control Centers .• Elements of organized poison system.– Treatment information and toxicological .consultation with health care providers and public.• Toll‐free number with linkage into various 911 systems– Professional education to train those involved in .care of poisoned patients.– Data collection on all poisonings in region for .epidemiological and evaluation purposes13Poison Control Centers .• Elements of organized poison system.– Public education and prevention.– Research.– Regional EMS poison system development.• Patient classification criteria.• Triage and management protocols.• Regional transfer agreements14Use by EMS Agencies .• Regional poison control centers are ready .resource in any toxicological emergency.• Method of contacting poison control centers .depends on local communications protocol.– Directly by EMS and other public service agencies.• Telephone, cellular phone.• Dispatching center.• Medical direction15Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learni

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