TAILIEUCHUNG - Operating System Concepts (1)

Module 1: Introduction.• What is an operating system?.• Simple Batch Systems.• Multiprogramming Batched Systems.• Time-Sharing Systems.• Personal-Computer Systems.• Parallel Systems.• Distributed Systems.• Real -Time Systems. Silberschatz and Galvin 1999 What is an Operating System?.• A program that acts as an intermediary between a user of a. computer and the computer hardware• Operating system goals:. – Execute user programs and make solving user problems. easier – Make the computer system convenient to use• Use the computer hardware in an efficient manner Silberschatz and Galvin 1999 Computer System . Hardware – provides basic computing resources (CPU, memory,. I/O devices)2. Operating system – controls and coordinates the use of the. hardware among the various application programs for the various. users3. Applications programs – define the ways in which the system. resources are used to solve the computing problems of the users. (compilers, database systems, video games, business. programs)4. Users (people, machines, other computers) Silberschatz and Galvin 1999 Abstract View of System Components. Silberschatz and Galvin 1999 Operating System Definitions• Resource allocator – manages and allocates resources• Control program – controls the execution of user programs and. operations of I/O devices • Kernel – the one program running at all times (all else being. application programs) Silberschatz and Galvin 1999 Simple Batch Systems.• Hire an operator.• User operator.• Add a card reader.• Reduce setup time by batching similar jobs.• Automatic job sequencing – automatically transfers control from. one job to another. First rudimentary operating system• Resident monitor. – initial control in monitor. – control transfers to job. – when job completes control transfers back to monitor. Silberschatz and Galvin 1999 Memory Layout for a Simple Batch System. Silberschatz and Galvin 1999 Control Cards.• Problems. 1. How does the monitor know about the nature of the job. (., Fortran versus Assembly) or which program to. execute?. 2. How does the monitor distinguish. (a) job from job?. (b) data from program?.• Solution. – Introduce control cards. Silberschatz and Galvin 1999 Control Cards (Cont.).• Special cards that tell the resident monitor which programs to run. $JOB. $FTN. $RUN. $DATA. $END.• Special characters distinguish control cards from data or program. cards:. $ in column 1. // in column 1 and 2. 709 in column1. Silberschatz and Galvin 1999 Control Cards (Cont.).• Parts of resident monitor. – Control card interpreter – responsible for reading and. carrying out instructions on the cards – Loader – loads systems programs and applications. programs into memory – Device drivers – know special characteristics and properties. for each of the system’s I/O devices• Problem: Slow Performance – I/O and CPU could not overlap ;. card reader very slow• Solution: Off-line operation – speed up computation by loading. jobs into memory from tapes and card reading and line printing. done off-line

• Sáng kiến kinh nghiệm
• Operating system concepts
• Lecture Operating system concepts
• Operating system
• Operating system services
• Operating system structures
• Operating system design
• Operating system structure
• Hệ điều hành
• Lecture Operating system principles
• Computer system
• Modern operating systems
• Evolution of operating systems
• Multiprocessor operating systems
• Operating systems
• Lecture Operating systems
• Structure of operating systems
• Distributed operating systems
• Memory management
• Computer system organization
• Operating system concept
• File systems
• Operating systems design
• Operating systems capabilities
• Network operating system
• Operating System Debugging
• Operating System Generation
• Types of System Calls
• Bài giảng Hệ điều hành
• Lecture Advanced Operating Systems
• Advanced Operating Systems
• Bài giảng Hệ điều hành nâng cao
• Server operating systems
• PC operating systems
• Main frame operating systems
• Real time operating systems
• History of operating systems
• The operating system zoo
• Computer hardware review
• System calls
• Computer system structures
• Operations on processes
• Thread libraries
• CPU scheduling
• Process synchronization
• Handling deadlocks
• Virtual memory
• File system interface
• File system implementation
• Application I O interface
• Mass storage systems