TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Managing operations across the supply chain (2/e): Chapter 13 - Swink, Melnyk, Cooper, Hartley

Lecture Managing operations across the supply chain (2/e) – Chapter 13: Sales and operations planning. This chapter include objectives: Describe sales and operations planning, define contents of an aggregate plan, explain relevant aggregate plan costs, contrast aggregate planning strategies, develop alternative aggregate plan, explain differences in service and manufacturing aggregate planning. | Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. CHAPTER 13 Sales and Operations Planning McGraw-Hill/Irwin 1 Learning Objectives 13–2 LO13-1 Describe sales and operations planning LO13-2 Define contents of an aggregate plan LO13-3 Explain relevant aggregate plan costs LO13-4 Contrast aggregate planning strategies LO13-5 Develop alternative aggregate plan LO13-6 Explain differences in service and manufacturing aggregate planning 2 Sales and Operations Planning Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP): process for integrating marketing and operations plan to develop a tactical plan Attempt to balance supply and demand S&OP Supply Demand 13–3 LO13-1 3 Balancing Objectives Finance High ROI Maximize return Minimize risk High contribution customers Marketing/Sales Aggregate planning Many product variations Fast response, high service Maximize revenue Operations Detail planning Fewer products Long, stable production runs Maximize output, minimize cost Reduce variance, maintain ‘up-time’ Efficient grouping of supply & demand 13–4 LO13-1 4 Benefits of Sales & Operations Planning Quantitative benefits: Improved forecast accuracy Higher customer service More stable supply Better new product introduction 13–5 LO13-1 5 Benefits of Sales & Operations Planning Qualitative benefits: Better organizational teamwork Faster and better aligned decision making Greater accountability for performance Better business visibility 13–6 LO13-1 6 Aggregate Production Planning Costs Aggregate Production Planning: balances production, inventory, resources and demand Holding Inventory: having inventory on hand Regular Production: average labor and benefits Overtime: working more hours than standard Hiring: finding, acquiring and training new employees Fire/Layoff: separation packages Backorder/lost sales: expediting supply, lost good-will Subcontracting: unit cost and loss of control 13–7 LO13-3 Aggregate Planning Strategies Level: produce at a constant rate, use changing inventory levels to buffer supply and demand 13–8 LO13-5 Creating a Level Aggregate Plan Level: produce at a constant rate, use changing inventory levels to buffer supply and demand P = level production rate Di = demand in period i EI = desired ending inventory level BI = beginning inventory N = Number of planning periods 13–9 LO13-5 Aggregate Planning Strategies Chase: change production to match demand, inventory remains relatively stable and low 13–10 LO13-5 Creating a Chase Aggregate Plan Chase: change production to match demand, inventory remains relatively stable and low Three options to consider: 13–11 1 2 3 LO13-5 Aggregate Planning Strategies Hybrid: combination of level and chase strategies 13–12 LO13-5 Aggregate Planning for Service Yield Management: adjusting prices in response to demand levels Services can not create inventory to buffer demand Modify prices to encourage customers to purchase for service at supplier desired times Goal is to maximize revenue and profit 13–13 LO13-6 Sales and Operations Management Summary 13–14 Balancing supply and demand is difficult S&OP is a cross-functional process A sales and operations plan will either influence demand to match supply, or match supply to demand S&OP must be a dynamic, responsive process There are multiple costs to consider The three basic strategies for S&OP are Level, Chase and Hybrid Services use Yield Management

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