TAILIEUCHUNG - Ebook Organic chemistry (4th edition): Part 2

(BQ) Part 2 book "Organic chemistry" has contents: Aromatic compounds; reactions of substituted benzenes, carbonyl compounds I; more about oxidation–reduction reactions; more about amines heterocyclic compounds, carbohydrates, catalysis,. and other contents. | BRUI15-593_621r3 27-03-2003 2:51 PM Page 593 FIVE In Chapter 15, we will examine the structural features that cause a compound to be aromatic. We will also look at the features that cause a compound to be antiaromatic. Then we will take a look at the reactions that benzene undergoes. You will see that although benzene, alkenes, and dienes are all nucleophiles (because they all have carbon–carbon p bonds), benzene’s aromaticity causes it to undergo reactions that are quite different from the reactions that alkenes and dienes undergo. Aromatic Compounds PA R T The two chapters in Part Five deal with aromaticity and the reactions of aromatic compounds. Aromaticity was first introduced in Chapter 7, where you saw that benzene, a compound with an unusually large resonance energy, is an aromatic compound. We will now look at the criteria that a compound must fulfill in order to be classified as aromatic. Then we will examine the kinds of reactions that aromatic compounds undergo. In Chapter 21, we will return to aromatic compounds when we look at the reactions of aromatic compounds in which one of the ring atoms is an atom other than a carbon. Chapter 15 Aromaticity • Reactions of Benzene Chapter 16 Reactions of Substituted Benzenes In Chapter 16, we will look at the reactions of substituted benzenes. First we will study reactions that change the nature of the substituent on the benzene ring; and we will see how the nature of the substituent affects both the reactivity of the ring and the placement of any incoming substituent. Then we will look at three types of reactions that can be used to synthesize substituted benzenes other than those discussed in Chapter 15—reactions of arene diazonium salts, nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions, and reactions that involve benzyne intermediates. You will then have the opportunity to design syntheses of compounds that contain benzene rings. 593 BRUI15-593_621r3 27-03-2003 2:51 PM Page 594 15 Aromaticity • .

• Hoá học
• Organic chemistry
• Aromatic compounds
• Rubstituted benzenes
• Carbonyl compounds I
• More about oxidation–reduction reactions
• Amines heterocyclic compounds
• In this workbook
• experiments are elaborated using small scale glassware and equipments from a Small Lab Kit
• developed at the Department of Chemistry
• Faculty of Science
• Chulalongkorn University in Thailand
• This Small Lab Kit was created as a result of the research project entitled “Chemistry Laboratory Based on Chemical Safety and Pollution Minimization” sponsored by Thai Research Fund (RDG 3 07 2543)
• One of the outcomes of this project is the organic laboratory book entitled “Organic Chemistry Laboratory Based on Chemical Safety and Pollution Minimization” written in Thai by professors from 7 universities in this project
• They compiled
• adjusted and tested the experiments taken from several traditional organic chemistry laboratory books using the prototype of Small Lab Kit
• Currently
• some selected experiments from this Thai organic chemistry laboratory text have further been modified
• rewritten and edited in English as appeared in this workbook
• Some experiments ar
• Ebook Organic chemistry
• Nucleophilic substitution
• Determining organic structures
• nucleophilic addition
• Organic structures
• Electrophilic aromatic substitution
• Principles of organic chemistry
• Methods of organic chemistry
• The methane series
• The acetylene series
• Polybasic acids
• High school
• University entrance exam
• Teaching organic chemistry
• Organic chemistry exam question
• Interdisciplinary science
• Advanced practical organic chemistry
• Functional groups
• Organic synthesis reagents
• The structure
• Reactions of organic names
• Fundamentals of organic chemistry
• Carbonyl alpha substitution reactions
• Condensation reactions
• Structure determination
• The organic chemistry
• Organic chemistry principles in context
• Starch to the principles
• The structures of organic molecules
• Mass spectrometers
• Infrared spectrometers
• Nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometers
• Modern physical organic chemistry
• Strain and stability
• Covalent binding forces
• Electronic organic materials
• Thermal pericyclic reactions
• The study of organic chemistry
• Stereochemistry and resonance
• Identification of organic compounds
• Elimination reactions
• Electrophilic addition reactions
• Electron delocalization
• Organic compounds
• Cyclic hydrocarbons
• Aromatic alcohols
• Aromatic compounds containing
• Inorganic chemistry
• A guidebook to mechanism in organic chemistry
• Aromatic systems
• Linear free energy relationships
• Symmetry controlled reactions
• Fatty acid catabolism
• The chemistry of the carbonyl group
• The industrial road toward increasing efficiency
• Lecture Organic chemistry
• Hóa học hữu cơ
• Bài giảng Hóa học hữu cơ
• Chemistry of benzene
• Derivatives of benzene
• Summary of Organic Chemistry Dotoral Thesis
• Organic Chemistry Dotoral Thesis
• Natural Products Chemistry
• Biological evaluation
• Chemistry of natural compounds
• Ideas in chemistry
• Molecular sciences
• Synthetic chemistry
• Innovative processes in organic chemistry
• Predictive tools
• Organic chemical reactions
• Electronic Structure
• Electronic configurations of atoms
• Electronic configurations
• Wave properties of electrons
• Wave interactions
• Stereochemistry of alkanes
• Alkane conformations
• Chemical reactions
• Chlorination of Methane
• Chiral carbons
• Nonmobile conformers
• Alkyl Halides