TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Note Professional practices in information technology - Lecture No. 13: Ethics and Social Media
After studying this chapter you will be able to understand: Why ethics? Motivation; ethics, applied ethics and morals; the aim(s) of ethics; some ethical theories (and their applications); social media: examples of issues in privacy, property, teaching, friendship. | ProfessionalPracticesin Information Technology HandBook COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (Virtual Campus) Islamabad, Pakistan Lecture 13 Ethics and Social Media Why Ethics? Technology advances faster than ethical values, morals and especially laws Discussion between relevant parties needed, ethicists, professionals, ’intelligentsia’, organization representatives, politicians, media, ’normal’ people, etc. Law and morals do not always meet. Motivation Vacuum of rules Rules of the field derived from old rules, there aren’t any rules or they aren’t followed Conceptual muddles Is a program a service, means of production, idea or a presentation of an idea? Social use environment ICT artefacts are seldom private affairs anymore New questions? New area: Old questions or new area with new questions? Does the medium bring new ethical questions to bear? Is there something fundamentally different about ICT compared to other things? Ethics, Applied Ethics and Morals Ethics is the study of morals. Morals are the (right or good) habits which people have in a society (lat. mores). Applied ethics tries to clarify the questions of ethics/morals so that they can be discussed, professional ethics within a field. Ethics have been and are still used to formulate policies in societies. The aim(s) of Ethics The good of the people – To understand what it would be – Meta ethics – To build a system(s) to solve how to get there – To apply the system(s) to actual questions coherently and consistently – To aid us in our moral problems and to give descriptions of what ethical positions people hold Some ethical theories (and their applications) Virtue ethics (Aristotle’s, Macintyre, others): Moral character of a person professional ethics? Ethics of friendship – online?: Telos (an ultimate aim or object), the meaning of life Utilitarianism or Consequentialism (Mill, Bentham): The greatest amount of good for (the greatest amount of) people Deontology, duty ethics (Kant, Rawls) – We have duties to others – Never treat another person merely as means, but always as an end in themselves – Universal moral law – Voluntary action Rights based theories (Locke, Rawls) – Classic Liberalism, Libertarianism – Communitarianism, Socialism, Social Democracy Social Media: Examples of Issues – Privacy – Property – Teaching – Friendship Professional Practices in Information Technology CSC 110
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