TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Introduction to linguistics: Syntax (Part 1)
In this chapter, students will be able to understand: Morphology, morpheme, types of morphemes, words, aspects of morpheme, item and arrangement morphology, levels of language, phonology, phonetics, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics. | Syntax (1) Dr. Ansa Hameed Previously . Morphology Morpheme Types of Morphemes Words Aspects of Morpheme Item and Arrangement Morphology Today’s Lecture Levels of Language Phonology Phonetics Morphology Syntax Semantics Pragmatics From Morphology to Syntax From Morphology to Syntax Morphology: study of internal composition of words Words are arranged and combined at different levels Phrases, clauses, sentences Study of sentences: syntax From Morphology to Syntax Lady, shoes--- noun Red--- adjective Morphology Buying --- verb (content/lexical word) The lady was buying red shoes. Syntax (sentence) Syntax ‘Syntax is the way words and clauses are arranged to form sentences’ Etymology: Syn – tax Latin Greek Together to put in order ‘Putting things together in an orderly manner’ that is syntax (Prasad, 73) Syntax Definitions: Syntax means sentence construction: how words group together to make phrases and sentences (Tallerman, 1) The Part of grammar that represents a speaker’s knowledge of sentences and their structures is called syntax (Fromkin, 159) Syntax is the study of the structure of sentences. Syntax The syntax of English –the third level of grammar and the third level of analysis –deals with the more complex combinations of linguistic forms. Identification of a word class is not, then, a matter of “What do these words mean?” but “How do they fit into a pattern?” “What forms will they take?” and “How do they behave in combination with other forms?” (1999, Herndon) Syntax Syntax not Grammar: Syntax is different from grammar Grammar includes all organizing principles of a language (sound system, form of words, words arrangement to make sentences etc) Grammar is a whole, syntax is a part Syntax: Why Syntax is Important??? We speak in sentences not in words. To understand the structure of a language it is necessary to study the structure of sentences. If we learn to analyze the structure of sentences, we will also learn to analyze their meaning. The study of syntax .
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