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An introduction to automatic speaker recognition is presented in this chapter. The identifying characteristics of a person’s voice that make it possible to automatically identify a speaker are discussed. Subtasks such as speaker identification, verification, and detection are described. An overview of the techniques used to build speaker models as well as issues related to system performance are presented. Finally, a few selected applications of speaker recognition are introduced to demonstrate the wide range of applications of speaker recognition technologies. Details of text-dependent and text-independent speaker recognition and their applications are covered in the following two chapters. . | 725 36. Overview of Speaker Recognition A. E. Rosenberg F. Bimbot S. Parthasarathy Part F 36 An introduction to automatic speaker recognition is presented in this chapter. The identifying characteristics of a person s voice that make it possible to automatically identify a speaker are discussed. Subtasks such as speaker identification verification and detection are described. An overview of the techniques used to build speaker models as well as issues related to system performance are presented. Finally a few selected applications of speaker recognition are introduced to demonstrate the wide range of applications of speaker recognition technologies. Details of text-dependent and text-independent speaker recognition and their applications are covered in the following two chapters. 36.1 Speaker Recognition. 725 36.1.1 Personal Identity Characteristics. 725 36.1.2 Speaker Recognition Definitions. 726 36.1.3 Bases for Speaker Recognition. 726 36.1.4 Extracting Speaker Characteristics from the Speech Signal . 727 36.1.5 Applications. 728 36.2 Measuring Speaker Features. 729 36.2.1 Acoustic Measurements. 729 36.2.2 Linguistic Measurements. 730 36.3 Constructing Speaker Models. 731 36.3.1 Nonparametric Approaches. 731 36.3.2 Parametric Approaches . 732 36.4 Adaptation. 735 36.5 Decision and Performance. 735 36.5.1 Decision Rules . 735 36.5.2 Threshold Setting and Score Normalization. 736 36.5.3 Errors and DET Curves. 736 36.6 Selected Applications for Automatic Speaker Recognition. 737 36.6.1 Indexing Multispeaker Data. 737 36.6.2 Forensics. 737 36.6.3 Customization SCANmail. 738 36.7 Summary. 739 References. 739 36.1 Speaker Recognition 36.1.1 Personal Identity Characteristics Human beings have many characteristics that make it possible to distinguish one individual from another. Some individuating characteristics can be perceived very readily such as facial features and vocal qualities and behavior. Others such as fingerprints iris patterns and DNA structure are not .
