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On-Site Hệ thống Xử lý nước thải Xử lý nước thải cho các tùy chọn trên trang web hệ thống hấp thụ từ đất trọng lực thông thường trong leachfields tái sử dụng nước cho công nghệ cao màng Sau khi điều trị. Cá nhân trên trang web của hệ thống được phổ biến Hầu hết các hệ thống quản lý nước thải trong nước. Chương này mô tả các loại khác nhau của hệ thống nước thải tại chỗ, lựa chọn Xử lý nước thải, đánh giá trang web và quy trình đánh giá, tích lũy nitơ dày đặc bốc. | 10 On-Site Wastewater Systems Effluent disposal options for on-site systems range from soil absorption in conventional gravity leachfields to water reuse after high-tech membrane treatment. Individual on-site systems are the most prevalent wastewater management systems in the country. This chapter describes the various types of on-site wastewater systems wastewater disposal options site evaluation and assessment procedures cumulative areal nitrogen loadings nutrient removal alternatives disposal of variously treated effluents in soils design criteria for on-site disposal alternatives design criteria for on-site reuse alternatives correction of failed systems and role of on-site management systems. 10.1 TYPES OF ON-SITE SYSTEMS While many types of on-site systems exist most involve some variation of subsurface disposal of septic tank effluent. The four major categories of on-site systems are Conventional on-site systems Modified conventional on-site systems Alternative on-site systems On-site systems with additional treatment The most common on-site system is the conventional on-site system that consists of a septic tank and a soil absorption system see Figure 10.1 . The septic tank is the wastewater pretreatment unit used prior to on-site treatment and disposal. Modified conventional on-site systems include shallow trenches and pressure-dosed systems. Alternative on-site disposal systems include mounds evapotranspiration systems and constructed wetlands. Additional treatment of septic tank effluent is sometimes needed and intermittent and recirculating granular-medium filters are often the economical choice. Where further nitrogen removal is required one or more of the alternatives for nitrogen removal see Section 10.4 may be considered. The types of disposal and reuse systems used for individual on-site systems are presented in Table 10.1. 493 2006 by Taylor Francis Group LLC 494 Natural Wastewater Treatment Systems 2-in. minimum rock over pipe 6-in. minimum rock
