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Department of the Army position

tỷ lệ tăng sẽ khác nhau cùng với thông lượng nhiệt tuyến tính của các kênh. Mật độ năng lượng và tỷ lệ nhiệt tuyến tính sẽ thực hiện theo các hình dạng thông lượng neutron. Tuy nhiên, sự phân bố nhiệt độ sai lệch bởi khả năng thay đổi của chất lỏng làm nguội để loại bỏ các năng lượng nhiệt. | TM 5-650 TECHNICAL MANUAL No. 5-650 HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY CENTRAL BOILER PLANTS Approved for public release distribution is unlimited. Paragraph Page CHAPTER 1. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS Section I. Introduction Purpose .1-1 l-l Central Boiler Plants . I-2 1-1 Equipment .l-3 1-5 Section II. Elementary Combustion Principles Fossil Fuels . 1-4 1-6 Combustion .l-5 1-6 Combustion of Coal. 1-6 1-8 Combustion of Oil. 1-7 1-13 Combustion of Natural Gas . 1-8 Soot and Smoke. 1-9 1-13 Flue Gas Analysis and Temperature. 1-10 1-15 Combustion Efficiency .1-11 1-15 Boiler Efficiency. 1-12 1-17 Central Boiler Plant Efficiency. 1-13 1-17 Section III. Principles of Steam and Hot Water Generation Basic Principles .1-14 1-23 Heat Transfer. 1-15 1-23 CHAPTER 2. DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT Section I. Boilers and Heat Exchangers Boiler Classifications. 2-1 2-1 Boiler Design Requirements 2-2 2 -1 Fabrication.2-3 2-1 Fire Tube Boilers .2-4 2-2 Water Tube Boilers.2-5 2-2 Hot Water Generators.2-6 2-13 Economizers.2-7 2-13 Air Heaters.2-8 2-13 Section II. Boiler Accessories and Fittings ASME Requirements.2-9 2-19 Gage Glass Gage Cocks.2-10 2-19 Water Columns 2-11 2-19 Pressure Gage Temperature Gage.2-12 2-19 Safety Valves.2-13 2-24 Boiler Outlet Valves.2-14 2-27 Blowoff Valves and Piping.2-15 2-27 Fusible Plugs.2-16 2-27 Sootblowers.2-17 2-31 Section III. Fuel- Handling and Combustion Equipment This Manual Supersedes TM 5-650 dated August 1962 and rescinds TM 5-651 dated December 1946. i TM 5-650 Figure No. Title Page 1-4 Combustion of Oil . 1-12 1-5 Combustion of Coal . 1-14 1-6 Combustion Efficiency Motor . 1-16 1-7 Elementary Boiler. 1-24 1-8 Water Circulation . 1-28 1- 9 Effects of Soot and Scale on Heat Transfer. 1-29 2- 1 Tube Expander . 2-3 2-2 Flared and Beaded Tubes. 2-3 2-3 Scotch Boiler . 2-3 2-4 Two Three and Four Pass Scotch Boiler Designs. 2-4 2-5 Horizontal Return Tubular Boiler . 2-5 2-6 Four Drum Water Tube Boiler. 2-6 2-7 Refractory Expansion Joints . 2-8 2-8 Water