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Static and Dynamic Analysis of the Internet’s Susceptibility to Faults and Attacks

We analyze the susceptibility of the Internet to random faults, malicious attacks, and mixtures of faults and attacks.We analyze actual Internet data, as well as simulated data created with network models. The network models generalize previous research, and allow generation of graphs ranging from uniform to preferential, and from static to dynamic.We introduce new metrics for analyzing the connectivity and performance of networks which improve upon metrics used in earlier research. Previous research has shown that preferential networks like the Internet are more robust to random failures compared to uniform networks. We find that preferential networks, including the Internet, are more robust only when more than 95% of failures are random faults,. | Static and Dynamic Analysis of the Internet s Susceptibility to Faults and Attacks Seung-Taek Park1 Alexy Khrabrov2 David M. Pennock2 Steve Lawrence2 C. Lee Giles1 2 3 Lyle H. Ungar4 1Department of Computer Science and Engineering 3School of Information Sciences and Technology Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA separk@cse giles@ist .psu.edu 2NEC Labs 4 Independence Way Princeton NJ 08540 UsA alexy.khrabrov@setup.org dp@nnock.com lawrence@google.com 4Department of Computer and Information Science University of Pennsylvania 566 Moore Building 20O S. 33rd St Philadelphia PA 19104 USA ungar@cis.upenn.edu Abstract We analyze the susceptibility of the Internet to random faults malicious attacks and mixtures of faults and attacks. We analyze actual Internet data as well as simulated data created with network models. The network models generalize previous research and allow generation of graphs ranging from uniform to preferential and from static to dynamic. We introduce new metrics for analyzing the connectivity and performance of networks which improve upon metrics used in earlier research. Previous research has shown that preferential networks like the Internet are more robust to random failures compared to uniform networks. We find that preferential networks including the Internet are more robust only when more than 95 of failures are random faults and robustness is measured with average diameter. The advantage of preferential networks disappears with alternative metrics and when a small fraction of faults are attacks. We also identify dynamic characteristics of the Internet which can be used to create improved network models. This model should allow more accurate analysis for the future Internet for example facilitating the design of network protocols with optimal performance in the future or predicting future attack and fault tolerance. We find that the Internet is becoming more preferential as it evolves. The average diameter has been stable