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The technique now known as MS has its roots in atomic physics at the beginning of the twentieth century, when it was originally applied by physicists toward answering questions on the nature of atoms. Throughout much of the 1800s, the prevailing wisdom held that atoms were indivisible, that all atoms of a given element had the same mass, and that the masses of all elements were multiples of the mass of hydrogen [7–9]. Despite these beliefs, the interrogation of bulk elements through chemical means (gravimetric analyses) demonstrated that some atomic masses were, in fact, not unit integers of that of hydrogen (e.g., chlorine). Furthermore, for much of the. | CHARACTERIZATION OF IMPURITIES AND DEGRADANTS USING MASS SPECTROMETRY WILEY SERIES ON PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY PRACTICES APPLICATIONS AND METHODS Series Editor Mike S. Lee Milestone Development Services Mike S. Lee Integrated Strategies for Drug Discovery Using Mass Spectrometry Birendra Pramanik Mike S. Lee and Guodong Chen Characterization of Impurities and Degradants Using Mass Spectrometry Mike S. Lee and Mingshe Zhu Mass Spectrometry in Drug Metabolism and Disposition Basic Principles and Applications CHARACTERIZATION OF IMPURITIES AND degradants using MASS sPectrOmetry Edited by Birendra N. Pramanik Mike S. Lee Guodong Chen WILEY A JOHN WILEY SONS INC. .
