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Thuốc trừ sâu đã được sử dụng ở Colombia để kiểm soát không chỉ sâu hại nông nghiệp mà còn vectơ tầm quan trọng về y tế và thú y (Calderon, 1994). Các vectơ sốt rét, bệnh Chagas ', sốt xuất huyết, sốt vàng, và viêm não ngựa Venezuela đã được kiểm soát với thuốc trừ sâu, để lại không có nghi ngờ như sự đóng góp của các ứng dụng thuốc trừ sâu đúng đắn đối với sức khỏe công cộng. Tuy nhiên, bất kỳ việc sử dụng thuốc trừ sâu có nghĩa rủi ro cho người, động vật. | Chapter 13 Pesticides in Colombia Their application use and legislation Luz Angela Castro INTRODUCTION Pesticides have been used in Colombia to control not only agricultural pests but also vectors of both medical and veterinary importance Calderón 1994 . The vectors for malaria Chagas disease dengue yellow fever and Venezuelan equine encephalitis have been controlled with pesticides leaving no doubt as to the contribution of judicious pesticide applications to the public health. However any use of pesticides implies risks for humans domestic animals and the environment with contamination of air water soil and foodstuffs as potential unintended effects that should be considered when making the decision to use pesticides. The potential risks should also serve to guide the development of regulations and procedures for determining economic and public health thresholds for the safe use of pesticides. A risk to benefits-based approach can and should guide users when they try to determine the correct choice of pesticide application equipment timing and optimal conditions for employing pesticides. Pesticide selection based on cost efficacy or non-target toxicity has become a difficult task because of the development of insect resistance to some pesticides. Resistance development has prompted the search for new pesticides with greater efficacy although often at the cost of greater mammalian toxicity or unevaluated environmental effects. The substitution for persistent OCs by the more toxic OPs has increased the risk of contamination for sprayers and also for individuals living in nearby communities. Other pesticides developed in recent years include phenoxyacetics oximes bipyridils carbamates triazoles dinitrophenols and a myriad of other chemical types. At present several government ministries in Colombia namely the Agriculture Public Health and Environment Secretariats have proposed programs to improve the management of and conditions for the use and handling of .
