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Nông nghiệp luôn luôn là một lĩnh vực quan trọng của nền kinh tế Malaysia. Mặc dù đóng góp GDP của Malaysia đã được liên tục giảm trong các thập kỷ ít nhất (giảm từ 33% năm 1960 đến 12,7% vào năm 1996 do chủ yếu để một sự nhấn mạnh ngày càng tăng về công nghiệp), ngành nông nghiệp tiếp tục để phát triển một cách tuyệt đối (MADI, 1996 Maca, 1997). Năm 1985, nông nghiệp chiếm 20,8% của GDP với một giá trị 4,6 tỷ USD. Tuy nhiên, vào năm 1996, đóng góp vào GDP đã giảm 12,7%. | Chapter 7 Pesticide use in Malaysia Trends and impacts Abdul Rani Abdullah INTRODUCTION Agriculture has always been an important sector of the Malaysian economy. Although its contribution to Malaysia s GDP has been steadily decreasing over the last few decades down from 33 percent in 1960 to 12.7 percent in 1996 due predominantly to an increasing emphasis on industrialization the agricultural sector continues to grow in absolute terms MADI 1996 MACA 1997 . In 1985 agriculture accounted for 20.8 percent of GDP with a value of US 4.6 billion. However in 1996 the contribution to GDP had decreased to 12.7 percent while the absolute value had increased to US 6.6 billion MADI 1997 . Malaysia is currently one of the world s primary exporters of natural rubber and the world s primary exporter of palm oil. These together with cocoa pepper pineapple and tobacco comprise the main crops responsible for the growth of this sector. Agriculture has also been an important base for the development of other sectors of the Malaysian economy particularly the manufacturing sector as exemplified by the food and beverage industry. The pesticide industry is one of the most important support industries in agriculture. The economic benefits of pesticide use in producing high crop yields and the role of pesticides in the control of disease-borne pests are undeniable. Equally the adverse effects of elevated pesticide residues in water soil and crops to man domestic animals wildlife and the environment are well recognized and documented. In tropical countries like Malaysia crops such as rice and vegetables are particularly susceptible to the negative impacts of pesticide use ADB 1987 . This is attributed to the often indiscriminate and intensive use of pesticides associated with these crops. The problem is exaggerated by the inadvertent destruction of the pest s natural enemies and the emergence of resistant pest strains the consequence of which is the application of increasingly larger amounts
