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Phương trình (10,13) đảm bảo rằng 22 4nf. Giả sử rằng Sieve (0), Sàng (1),. . . Sieve (s) được thực hiện trong giai đoạn 1 và để cho X là biến ngẫu nhiên biểu thị số lượng Đối với các đồ thị này, một thuật toán xấp xỉ 13 [27]. Đơn vị đồ thị đĩa là một loại đặc biệt của đồ thị giao nhau, trong đó mỗi vòng tròn có bán kính cùng | 13.4 APPROACHES TO IMPROVE TRANSPORT LAYER PERFORMANCE 301 13.4.2.1 The l-TCP Protocol The I-TCP protocol uses a split connection approach to handle the characteristics of the wireless component of a TCP connection. Separate transport level connections are used between the static host and the base station and between the base station and the mobile host. Although TCP is used for the connection between the static host and the base station a customized transport protocol that is configmed to take into consideration the vagaries of the wireless link is used between the base station and the static host. The base station thus exports an image of tbemobilehost totheutatichost.Thi ouigOthioimage the static host thinks that it is communicating with the mobile host and not the base station. hh henihe mobile hostundkrgoeg a hand-off across cells the image is transferred to the basestetioninthcnewcell. pinccthe comicctionissplit atthebasestation itispossible forthebase stationtop Ci tonn ShebeSksf ihcPinkie tniitpciicvi nieilscmohllhtiocte f aeh complex ratponsibilhio s. Figurat3.a sl tovsapicpeiali e ptt tentasioicof thel-TCPpsolobokth concc bUb ncc bf oeinb tlk solitconoection aopseatk itePotStTCU doennoi ootiSotm toikeend-to-oml tUi rnamicfoUTCP. hintead.tthocomtOxtn lydinurc mcomixctionsate maintaibadoveribetwo brnnches.Ae o resuit.it tSerewesc ebase thUauilkllu s.or iaih3mobiie Sostremainc d diec nnenCcxlll omthe neioerk3ora pioionocilperiod ef timei tlietemaeticc Ui toThP waOb be dilOereetftom tilhtoftegoeacTCP Split Connection Semantics - - Figure 13.2 The I-TCP protocol. 302 TRANSPORT OVER WIRELESS NETWORKS We now elaborate on the performance of I-TCP in terms of the four functionalities Connection Establishment and Flow Control. Both connection establishment and flow control are altered in I-TCP in the sense that they are split across two independent connections. When a mobile host wants to initiate a connection to a static host it sends a connection request to its .
