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The Need for Instruction Set Extensibility in a Signal Processor In the early 1990s, digital signal processing in wireless terminals mainly covered voice compression as well as channel equalization, coding and decoding techniques (also called ‘‘modem’’ function). Corresponding electronic systems built to optimize these applications tried to make the best trade-off between software and hardware in order to minimize system cost and power consumption. Software was mostly used as an efficient means to allow a quick evolution or on-the-fly correction of signal processing functions. . | The Application of Programmable DSPs in Mobile Communications Edited by Alan Gatherer and Edgar Ausländer Copyright 2002 John Wiley Sons Ltd ISBNs 0-471-48643-4 Hardback 0-470-84590-2 Electronic 18 Application Specific Instruction Set Architecture Extensions for DSPs Jean-Pierre Giacalone 18.1 The Need for Instruction Set Extensibility in a Signal Processor In the early 1990s digital signal processing in wireless terminals mainly covered voice compression as well as channel equalization coding and decoding techniques also called modem function . Corresponding electronic systems built to optimize these applications tried to make the best trade-off between software and hardware in order to minimize system cost and power consumption. Software was mostly used as an efficient means to allow a quick evolution or on-the-fly correction of signal processing functions. Digital signal processor hardware was tailored to minimize power consumption. A very classical example of such a trade-off was the implementation of convolutional decoders Viterbi trellis on the TMS320C54x processor in software by association of specific instructions and very optimized hardware 1 . On previous implementations dedicated hardware sitting outside of the processor took care of the whole trellis execution. Software brought the flexibility of correcting branch metrics computations without the need for expensive communications to send them to this external hardware and for duplication of storage resources. Since then more and more applications have been added around the modem moving it to a commodity function. With third generation wireless networks the requirements in terms of system flexibility will increase even more due to the increase of data transmission bandwidth from several kilobits to several megabits per second. As a consequence system design must not only optimize cost and power consumption for a single application but for a wide range of applications speech recognition voice memo video .
