TAILIEUCHUNG - Medical students and textbook of biochemistry (Seventh edition): Part 2

(BQ) Continued part 1, part 2 of document Medical students and textbook of biochemistry (Seventh edition) has contents: Heme synthesis and breakdown, clinical enzymology and biomarkers, liver and gastric function tests, kidney function tests, plasma proteins, electrolyte and water balance, metabolic diseases, free radicals and antioxidants,. and other contents. Invite you to consult the document | Medical students and textbook of biochemistry (Seventh edition): Part 2 CHAPTER 29 Acid-Base Balance and pH Chapter at a Glance The reader will be able to answer questions on the following topics: ¾¾Acids and bases ¾¾Renal regulation of pH ¾¾pH ¾¾Relation of pH and potassium ¾¾Buffers ¾¾Respiratory acidosis ¾¾Acid base balance in the body ¾¾Metabolic acidosis ¾¾Bicarbonate buffer system ¾¾Respiratory alkalosis ¾¾Respiratory regulation of pH ¾¾Metabolic alkalosis Hydrogen ions (H+) are present in all body compartments. ACIDS AND BASES Maintenance of appropriate concentration of hydrogen ion (H+) is critical to normal cellular function. The acid-base Definition balance or pH of the body fluids is maintained by a closely The electrolyte theory of dissociation was proposed by regulated mechanism. This involves the body buffers, Arrhenius (Nobel prize, 1903). According to the definition the respiratory system and the kidney. Some common proposed by Bronsted, acids are substances that are definitions are given in Box . Functions of hydrogen ions include: 1. The gradient of H+ concentration between inner and outer mitochondrial membrane acts as the driving force for oxidative phosphorylation. 2. The surface charge and physical configuration of proteins are affected by changes in hydrogen ion concentration. SPL Svante Arrhenius Johannes N 3. Hydrogen ion concentration decides the ionization of Sorensen NP 1903 Bronsted weak acids and thus affects their physiological functions. 1868–1939 1859–1927 1879–1947 Chapter 29:   Acid-Base Balance and pH 391 capable of donating protons and bases are those that Where [H+] is the concentration of hydrogen ions, [A–] accept protons. Acids are proton donors and bases are = the concentration of anions or conjugate base, and proton acceptors. A few examples are shown below: [HA] is the concentration of undissociated molecules. Acids Bases ii. The pH at which the acid is .

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